Normal cutaneous pigmentation is due to the biosynthesis of the pigment melanin furnished by cells called melanocytes and the donation of melanin in melanosomes (organelles within the cells) to surrounding keratinocytes, which are those cells in the upper surface layer of the skin. The rate of melanin synthesis is determined by intracellular enzymes, the best characterized of which are tyrosinase, and the two tyrosinase-related proteins (TRP)-1 and TRP-2 or DOPAchrome tautomerase.

Normal pigmentation of the skin develops in response to exposure to UV radiation or sunlight. When abnormal and irregular marks develop on the skin, they are called melasma. And while melasma literally means dark skin (in Greek), and it is best known as the "mask of pregnancy" for it is more frequent among women who are pregnant, you don't have to be pregnant (or even a woman!) to develop melasma. And if you think you're silently suffering alone, think again. It is estimateed that six million women throughout the U.S. are currently affected by this distressing, albeit cosmetic concern.

The dark patches occur because the same melanocyte cells that provide pigmentation to protect us from sunlight expand in number and foster higher amounts of melanin, making the skin to turn tan or brown in irregular patterns.

Melasma is most often represented by sections of uneven dark skin on the face. These off colored spots tend to appear on the lips, forehead, or cheeks. Some causes of melasma could include genetics, oral contraceptives, hormonal changes, and excessive sun exposure but doctors can't completely pinpoint the reason why they form. And although it is a very typical cosmetic skin affliction, and there is no universally accepted reason why they show up, it is considered very strenuous to treat.

Melasma Treatment The most common treatments for melasma include chemical peels, laser surgery, and bleaching skin agents. Bleaching creams and sunscreens can be effective but they are not a guarantee to diminish the spots.

These melasma treatments can reduce the spots but curing is something completely different. Sometimes if melasma sufferers are charmed, the patches dull with time but if not, aggressive treatments need to be performed in order to return the skin to normal.

Sun exposure is the principal culprit of melasma so sometimes it is just as elementary as covering up in the midday sun.

Dark Spots. The melanin in the skin absorbs the sun's UV rays in order to shield the skin from excessive radiation exposure. Covering yourself with high SPF factors contained in sunscreens can help prevent the rays from saturating the skin. All effective melasma treatments use sunscreens since even after the spots are gone, sufferers need to apply protection in order to prevent re-occurrence.

Skin Bleaching products should only be applied under stringent medical supervision. Skin fading can take a few months to show signs of observable difference. In order to get the preferred results, one needs to be aggressive in the application of the bleaching agent.

Bleaching agents work best on people with lighter skin tone. Doctor's need to give the go ahead for any skin bleaching treatment due to the fact it can weaken the melanin production and could arouse a cancerous reaction.

Melasma Laser Removal. Hardcore cases of melasma can require chemical peels or even plastic surgery methods. Chemical peels can be appealing since they get rid of the upper layer of the skin and trigger the replacement of the burned cells with new cells. Healing time can be substantially less than the 6 months to a year needed for topical methods. But chemical peels can burn the skin which actually markedly increases redness and infections and can yield an undesired thicker skin texture.

Laser resurfacing can expunge the spots but this is a major medical treatment. Increased inflammations and scabbing are possible side effects of this treatment.

These are reasonable options, but why not select a treatment that won't sear your skin or impede melanin production?

Fortunately there is now a new topical treatment option that can hasten the quick reduction of melasma.

The new skin care option combines three novel ingredients that act synergistically to resolve melasma faster than bleaching agents. They are (a) Helix Aspersa Muller Glycoconjugates which dissolve the upper layer of dead cells with each application, activate and orchestrate the regenerative processes of the skin and have antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties, (b) Rumex occidentalis a plant extract which is capable of inhibiting the production of melanin by blocking the enzyme tyrosinase and (c) a human growth factor peptide, derived from the melanocyte-stimulating-hormone which blocks melanin synthesis.

The synergy of their combined effects makes it a new choice for healing melasma and much faster than what can be achieved with the use of topical bleaching agents alone. Different melasma creams are obsolete treatments for the dark spots associated with melasma and a wide variety of other hyperpigmentation skin afflictions and the more common brown sun spots and age spots.

The first ingredient we mentioned is a unique complex compound that deeply infuses the skin and activates skin regeneration. It is teeming with (a) biological enhancers of intercellular and intra cellular communication, (b) enzymes that dissolve damaged tissues and stimulate their regeneration with the amino acids they free up, and (c) antioxidants that neutralize free radicals and moderate inflammation. The ingredient already procures a complete and balanced acne scar removal skin care solution.

The same product made with this biological compound with the addition of a natural melanin inhibitor and a biomimetic peptide that blocks melanin biosynthesis helps to lessen melasma and other dark skin pigmentation disorders.

While this method of melasma removal may take more time than chemical peels or laser surgery, it yields no jeopardous side effects. It is not a skin bleaching agent that can stimulate a cancerous reaction. The glycoconjugates function naturally with the cells in your body in order to renew the skin and restore its natural defense mechanisms.

Damaged cells are wiped away with diligent application of this natural skin care product twice a day. Melasma patches are diminished and ultimately removed by the natural occurring enzymes found in the glycoconjugates, while the other two active ingredients block melanin biosynthesis and inhibit melanin production. The compounded effect of the trio hastens melasma treatment.